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Code of Business Conduct and Ethics
Overview
The following principles support and guide our
leadership in establishing the strategic direction of DNAPrint® Genomics, Inc. Our directors, officers and employees are expected to
conduct their business in accordance with these ethical principles, and
each has read and signed a memorandum of understanding of the
following.
“We must do more than be compliant with laws,
regulations and policies; we must work according to our ethical
principles and endeavor to conduct ourselves in a manner beyond
reproach. Any employee who ignores or violates any of DNAPrint®'s
ethical standards, or who penalizes a subordinate for trying to follow
these ethical standards, will be subject to corrective action,
including immediate dismissal. Nevertheless, it is not the threat of
discipline that should govern your actions. DNAPrint®'s
reputation is based on the personal integrity of each of its employees
and those with whom we do business. A dedicated commitment to ethical
behavior is the right thing to do, is good business, and is the surest
way for DNAPrint® to become and remain a business leader,
employer of choice, and good corporate citizen.
In the final analysis, you are the guardian of DNAPrint®'s
ethics. While there are no universal rules, when in doubt ask yourself:
Would I be proud to explain my actions to my family
or fellow employees – or to the millions of people who see the
nightly news or read the newspaper?
If not, don't do it!
Ethics
DNAPrint®, and each of its directors, officers and employees must conduct
their affairs with uncompromising honesty and integrity. Business ethics
are no different than personal ethics. The same high standard applies to
both. As a DNAPrint® employee, you are required to adhere to the highest
standard regardless of local custom.
DNAPrint® personnel are expected to be honest and ethical in dealing with
each other, with customers, vendors and all other third parties. Doing the
right thing means doing it right every time.
You must also respect the rights of your fellow employees and third parties.
Your actions must be free from discrimination, libel, slander or harassment.
Each person must be treated with dignity and respect and accorded equal opportunity,
regardless of age, race, sex, sexual preference, color, creed, religion,
national origin, marital status, veteran's status, handicap or disability.
Misconduct cannot be excused because it was directed or requested by another.
In this regard, you are expected to alert management whenever an illegal,
dishonest or unethical act is discovered or suspected. You will never be
penalized for reporting your discoveries or suspicions.
DNAPrint® conducts its affairs consistent with the applicable laws and regulations
of the United States and those other countries where it does business. As
a DNAPrint® employee, you are expected to comply with all such applicable
laws and regulations. Business practices, customs and laws differ from country
to country. When conflicts arise between DNAPrint®'s ethical practices, and
the practices, customs, and the laws of a country, DNAPrint® seeks to resolve
them consistent with its ethical beliefs. If the conflict cannot be resolved
consistent with its ethical beliefs, DNAPrint® will not proceed with the proposed
action giving rise to the conflict. These ethical standards reflect who we
are and are the standards by which we choose to be judged.
The following statements concern frequently raised ethical concerns. A violation
of the standards contained in this Code of Business Conduct and Ethics will
result in corrective action, including possible dismissal.
Conflicts of Interest
You must avoid
any personal activity, investment or association which could appear to interfere
with good judgment concerning DNAPrint®'s best interests.
You may not exploit your position or relationship with DNAPrint® for personal
gain. You should avoid even the appearance of such a conflict. Therefore,
if you are related in any way to a vendor, customer or other provider, you
should not be the one to decide whether DNAPrint® will to do business
with that person.
As other examples, there is a likely conflict of interest if you:
- cause DNAPrint® to engage in business transactions with
you or your relatives or friends or entities controlled by you or them;
- use nonpublic DNAPrint®, customer or vendor
information for personal gain by you, relatives or friends (including
securities transactions based on such information);
- have more than a modest financial interest in DNAPrint®'s vendors, customers or competitors;
- receive a loan, or guarantee of obligations, from
DNAPrint® or a third party as a result of your position at
DNAPrint®; or
- compete, or prepare to compete, with DNAPrint® while still employed by DNAPrint®.
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There are other situations in which a conflict of interest may arise.
If you have concerns about any situation, follow the steps outlined in the
section on "Reporting Violations."
To ensure that material transactions and
relationships involving a potential conflict of interest for any
officer or director are in the best interests of DNAPrint®, the
Board must approve in advance all transactions and relationships in
which an officer or a director, or any member of any such person's
family, may have a personal interest or other potential conflict of
interest. No director, officer or employee may, on behalf of
DNAPrint®, authorize or approve any transaction or relationship,
or enter into any agreement, in which any director, officer or any
member of his or her immediate family may have a personal interest
without such Board approval.
Gifts, Bribes and Kickbacks
Other than for
modest gifts given or received in the normal course of business (including
travel or entertainment), neither you nor your relatives may give gifts to,
or receive gifts from, DNAPrint®'s customers and vendors. Other
gifts may be given or accepted only with prior approval of your senior management.
In no event should you put DNAPrint® or yourself in a position that
would be embarrassing if the gift were made public.
Dealing with government employees is often different than dealing with private
persons. Many governmental bodies strictly prohibit the receipt of any gratuities
by their employees, including meals and entertainment. You must be aware
of and strictly follow these prohibitions.
Any person associated with DNAPrint® who pays or receives bribes or kickbacks
will be immediately terminated and reported, as warranted, to the appropriate
authorities. A kickback or bribe includes any item intended to improperly
obtain favorable treatment.
Improper Use or Theft of DNAPrint® Property
Every
employee must safeguard DNAPrint® property from loss or theft, and
may not take such property for personal use. DNAPrint® property includes physical
resources and property, as well as its proprietary and confidential information,
software, computers, office equipment, and supplies. You must appropriately
secure all DNAPrint® property within your control to prevent its unauthorized
use.
Our offices, equipment, supplies and other resources may not be used for
activities which are not related to your employment with DNAPrint™, except
for any activities that have been approved in writing in advance by us, or
for personal usage that is minor in amount and reasonable.
Use of DNAPrint®'s electronic communications
systems must conform to DNAPrint®'s corporate philosophy and
policies. In addition, you should not use DNAPrint®'s computer
systems to access or post material that: is pornographic, obscene,
sexually related, profane or otherwise offensive; is intimidating or
hostile; or violates DNAPrint® policies or any laws or
regulations. Employees may make limited non-business use of
DNAPrint®'s electronic communications systems, provided that such
use: (i) is occasional; (ii) does not interfere with the employee's
professional responsibilities; (iii) does not diminish productivity;
and (iv) does not violate this policy or any other DNAPrint® policy.
Maintaining Accurate and Complete Company Records; Covering Up Mistakes
DNAPrint® is required under U.S. federal securities laws and generally accepted
accounting principles to keep books, records and accounts that accurately
reflect all transactions, to provide an adequate system of internal accounting
and controls. DNAPrint® also is required to provide full, fair, accurate,
timely and understandable disclosure in reports and documents that it files
with, or submits to, the SEC and in all its other public communications.
DNAPrint® expects all personnel to ensure that those portions of our books,
records and accounts for which they have responsibility are valid, complete,
accurate and supported by appropriate documentation in verifiable form. Similarly,
DNAPrint® expects all personnel to ensure that all reports and documents
filed with the SEC and all other public communications for which they are
responsible provide full, fair, accurate and understandable disclosure and
that the same are filed on a timely basis.
All employees who exercise supervisory duties over DNAPrint® assets or records
are expected to establish and implement appropriate internal controls over
all areas of their responsibility. This will help ensure the safeguarding
of DNAPrint®'s assets and the accuracy of our financial records and reports.
DNAPrint® has adopted various types of internal controls and procedures as
required to meet internal needs and applicable laws and regulations. The
Company expects all personnel to follow these controls and procedures to
assure the complete and accurate recording of all transactions.
Any accounting entries or adjustments that materially depart from generally
accepted accounting principles must be approved by our Board of Directors'
Audit Committee and reported to our independent auditors. No one may interfere
with or seek to improperly influence (directly or indirectly) the review
or auditing of our financial records by DNAPrint®'s independent auditors.
If a director, officer or employee becomes aware of any questionable transaction
or accounting practice concerning DNAPrint® or its assets, or material off-balance-sheet
transactions, arrangements and obligations, contingent or otherwise, and
other DNAPrint® relationships with unconsolidated entities or other persons
that may have material curent or future effects on the Company's financial
condition or results of operations, DNAPrint® expects the matter to be reported
immediately to DNAPrint®'s legal counsel or to a member of our Audit Committee.
Mistakes should never be covered up, but should be immediately fully disclosed
and corrected. Falsification of any DNAPrint®, customer or third party record
is prohibited.
Protection of DNAPrint®, Client or Vendor Information
No
one may use or reveal to others DNAPrint®, customer or vendor confidential
or proprietary information. Additionally, all personnel must take appropriate
steps – including securing documents, limiting access to computers
and electronic media, and proper disposal methods – to prevent unauthorized
access to such information. Proprietary and/or confidential information,
among other things, includes: business methods, pricing and marketing data,
strategy, computer code, forms, experimental research, and information about,
or received from, DNAPrint®'s current, former and prospective customers,
vendors and employees.
Competitive Information, Defamation and Misrepresentation
No one may accept, use or disclose to others the confidential
information of DNAPrint®'s competitors. When obtaining
competitive information, personnel must not violate DNAPrint®'s
competitors' rights. Particular care must be taken when dealing with
competitors' customers, ex-customers and ex-employees. Never ask for
confidential or proprietary information. Never ask a person to violate
a non-compete or non-disclosure agreement. Aggressive sales and
marketing should not include misstatements, innuendo or rumors about
DNAPrint®'s competition or their products and financial
condition. Do not make insupportable
promises concerning DNAPrint®'s products.
Use of DNAPrint® and Third Party Software
DNAPrint® and third party software may be distributed and disclosed only
to employees authorized to use it, and to customers in accordance with terms
of a DNAPrint® agreement. DNAPrint® and third party software
may not be copied without specific authorization and may only be used to
perform assigned responsibilities.
Fair Competition and Antitrust Laws
DNAPrint® must
comply with all applicable fair competition and antitrust laws. These laws
attempt to ensure that businesses compete fairly and honestly and prohibit
conduct seeking to reduce or restrain competition. If you are uncertain whether
a contemplated action raises unfair competition or antitrust issues, the Company's
legal counsel can assist you.
Securities Trading
It is illegal to buy or
sell securities using material information not available to the public. Persons
who give such undisclosed "inside" information
to others may be as liable as persons who trade securities while possessing
such information. Securities laws may be violated if a director, officer
or employee, or any of their relatives or friends trade in securities of
DNAPrint®, or any of its customers or vendors, while possessing "inside" information.
Political Contributions
No company funds may be given directly to political candidates. Directors,
officers and employees may engage in political activity with their own resources
on their own time.
Retention of Business Records
DNAPrint® business records must be maintained for the periods specified in
DNAPrint®'s record retention policies. Records may be destroyed only
at the expiration of the pertinent period. In no case may documents involved
in a pending or threatened litigation, government inquiry or under subpoena
or other information request, be discarded or destroyed, regardless of the
periods specified in the applicable policy. In addition, no one should ever
destroy, alter, or conceal, with an improper purpose, any record or otherwise
impede any official proceeding, either personally, in conjunction with, or
by attempting to influence, another person.
A Healthy and Safe Workplace; No Harassment
When DNAPrint® protects the health and safety of its
employees, the community, and the environment; it demonstrates respect
and contributes to a positive work environment. Without respect for
health, safety, and the environment, DNAPrint® would put its
personnel, customers and the public at risk.
DNAPrint® is committed to protecting the health and safety of its employees,
the public, our customers, suppliers, and visitors. DNAPrint®'s policy is
to maintain a secure workplace where all employees are attentive to hazard
prevention and the avoidance of accidents and injuries. Posted safety regulations,
statistics, and warnings are guides to help everyone stay out of harm's way – observed
accidents, injuries, or hazards should be immediately reported to company
leadership.
DNAPrint® does not tolerate harassment of our employees, nor do we tolerate
any retaliation against a person reporting harassment.
Waivers
The Code of Business Conduct
and Ethics applies to all DNAPrint® officers
and employees and the members of its Board of Directors. There will be no
waiver of any part of the Code for any officer or director except by a vote
of the Board, which will ascertain whether a waiver is appropriate and ensure
that the waiver is accompanied by appropriate controls designed to protect
DNAPrint®. Waivers of any part of the Code for any other employee may
be granted by the Chairman, the Chief Executive Officer or the Chief Financial
Officer.
In the event that any waiver is granted for any officer or director, the
waiver, and the reasons for it, will be posted on the DNAPrint® website, thereby
allowing DNAPrint®'s shareholders to evaluate the merits of the particular
waiver.
Reporting Violations
Each person's conduct can reinforce an ethical atmosphere and positively
influence the conduct of one's fellow employees. If an employee is powerless
to stop suspected misconduct or discovers it after it has occurred, he or
she must report it to management.
All DNAPrint® directors, officers and employees are required to report, or
cause to be reported, information known to them, and assist in any investigation
by any regulatory or law enforcement agency, elected officials or others
responsible for such matters, concerning the following:
- violation of any federal. state or local laws, regulations
or rules by any DNAPrint® director, officer, employee or agent in
connection with DNAPrint® or its business;
- questionable accounting, internal controls and auditing matters concerning DNAPrint®;
- the conduct of any DNAPrint® director, officer,
employee or agent in connection with DNAPrint® or its business
that is not honest and ethical;
- conflicts of interest which have not been reported as required by this Code;
- disclosures in DNAPrint®'s SEC reports and other
public disclosures that are not full, fair, accurate, timely and
understandable;
- violations of this Code of Ethics.
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No Retaliation; Confidentiality
Part
of your job at DNAPrint® is "to do the right thing." DNAPrint® will
not take any personnel or other action against someone who reports or otherwise
tries to stop suspected wrongdoing.
More specifically, DNAPrint® will not – and no officer or employee
may – retaliate against anyone who provides, or causes to be provided,
information, or who files, causes to be filed, testifies, participates in,
or otherwise assists in a proceeding regarding any matter covered in the
preceding section entitled "Reporting Violations." The anonymity
of a reporting person and the confidentiality of the information that is
reported will be maintained if such person so requests; however, the identity
of the person and the information reported may be disclosed to the extent
necessary to conduct an effective investigation. Any person who believes
that he or she has been subject to retaliation by the Company, or any officer
or employee, as a result of a report, testimony, assistance in a proceeding
or otherwise, should report such retaliation to a member of the Board's Audit
Committee. The Audit Committee will conduct an appropriate investigation
and take such action as it determines necessary to effect compliance with
this Code and applicable law."
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